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目前显示的是 十月, 2025的博文

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Space Frame Steel Roofs: A More Cost-Effective Choice for Large-Span Buildings Than Concrete

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 When planning large-span buildings—from industrial warehouses and exhibition halls to transportation hubs—selecting the right roof system is not just a structural decision, but a financial one that impacts budgets for decades. Concrete has long been a traditional option for such projects, valued for its familiarity rather than its long-term efficiency. However, space frame steel roofs have emerged as a superior alternative, delivering cost savings that extend far beyond upfront expenses and align with the practical needs of modern large-span construction. The myth that concrete is the cheaper choice often stems from a narrow focus on material costs alone. While concrete may have a lower price per ton at first glance, this ignores the full scope of expenses that come with concrete roof installation. Space frame steel roofs, by contrast, are engineered for efficiency at every stage, starting with their lightweight and modular design. Unlike concrete roofs, which require massive, rei...

What is a shear key in steel structures?

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 In steel structure engineering , the column base connection serves as the pivotal interface linking the superstructure to the concrete foundation below. It must safely and reliably transmit various loads from the upper structure: vertical pressure , uplift forces , bending moments , and horizontal shear forces . When horizontal shear forces become substantial, the friction alone between the column base plate and the concrete foundation surface proves insufficient to resist them. At this juncture, a critical small component becomes indispensable—the shear key . Shear keys, as the name suggests, are structural steel connection components specifically designed to resist and transmit horizontal shear forces. Essentially, they are short steel members. Installation location: Typically welded or anchored to the base plate of a steel column (or other load-bearing components such as equipment supports ), with its lower end embedded in the concrete foundation or concrete structure cast ...

How do China, the United States and Europe account for accidental eccentricity in seismic design?

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  Regulations and Methods for Considering Accidental Eccentricity Effects in Seismic Design in China, the United States and Europe 1. Regulatory Basis ● China The Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010) stipulates that accidental eccentricity must account for uncertainties in structural mass distribution, stiffness distribution, and spatial variations in seismic motion. Torsional effects shall be calculated using either static or dynamic methods. ● United States ASCE 7-22 (American Society of Civil Engineers Standard) requires consideration of accidental torsional effects, typically calculated using static methods, with verification through dynamic analysis results. ● Europe Eurocode 8 (EN 1998-1:2004) simulates the misalignment between mass centres and stiffness centres by introducing accidental eccentricity, and mandates consideration of the effects of bidirectional seismic actions . 2. Definition and Values of Random Eccentricity ● China Eccentricity: ±5% of the ...