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What is a shear key in steel structures?

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 In steel structure engineering , the column base connection serves as the pivotal interface linking the superstructure to the concrete foundation below. It must safely and reliably transmit various loads from the upper structure: vertical pressure , uplift forces , bending moments , and horizontal shear forces . When horizontal shear forces become substantial, the friction alone between the column base plate and the concrete foundation surface proves insufficient to resist them. At this juncture, a critical small component becomes indispensable—the shear key . Shear keys, as the name suggests, are structural steel connection components specifically designed to resist and transmit horizontal shear forces. Essentially, they are short steel members. Installation location: Typically welded or anchored to the base plate of a steel column (or other load-bearing components such as equipment supports ), with its lower end embedded in the concrete foundation or concrete structure cast ...
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Application characteristics, types, and design methods of steel tube trusses

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 In recent years, with the development of China's economy and the continuous advancement of science and technology, large-span steel structures of various forms have been widely used in public buildings such as sports venues, exhibition centers, theaters, large shopping malls, airports, and stations. In the industrial sector, large-span industrial plants, especially under the requirements of environmental protection policies, have seen significant application in the enclosure of various material yards in recent years. Large-span steel structures have entered a period of vigorous development. The concept of steel tube trusses A structure formed by a plane or three-dimensional truss composed of round or square (rectangular) tubes. Its axis is a two-dimensional curve (such as an arc, parabola, catenary, or ellipse), and it relies on the thrust of the tubular truss column feet to resist the action of loads in the plane. Steel tube truss structures , as a branch of large-span spatial s...
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What are the applications of higher-order hyperstatic structure in architecture?

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  The application of higher-order hyperstatic structure in construction is very wide, mainly because it has the characteristics of excess constraint, geometric invariance, complex force state, various structural forms, good stability and strong adjustment ability, etc., which can satisfy the high requirements of modern construction for structural stability, load carrying capacity and safety. The following are some specific application examples: I. Bridge engineering Bridges are one of the important fields for the application of high superstatic structures. Through the use of higher-order hyperstatic structure, the stability and bearing capacity of the bridge can be increased, so that it can withstand larger loads and deformation. III. large-span building Large-span buildings are also an important field for the application of high superstatic structures. With the continuous development of modern construction technology, people's demand for building space is getting bigger and bigger...
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Structural Characteristics of Steel Tube Joist

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  As a structural engineer, I would look at the following aspects of analysing a steel tube joist : I. Structural characteristics: 1. Simple structure: Pipe truss structure is connected by several sets of pipe rods and nodes, which does not need a large number of parts, so the structure is very simple. This design not only makes installation and dismantling faster and more convenient, but also reduces the manufacturing cost. 2. Light weight: Pipe trusses are made of lightweight materials and the overall weight is light. This helps to reduce the load of the building itself and improve the load-bearing capacity of the building. 3. High Strength: The tube truss structure is made of high strength materials such as steel pipe, so the whole structure has high load bearing capacity and wind resistance. It can withstand larger loads and external impacts to ensure the stability and safety of the building. 4. Good anti-seismic performance: Due to the stability and flexibility of tube truss ...
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What to pay attention to in the design of a steel truss?

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  (1) Cross-section design of rods: The cross-section form of truss rods should be selected according to the conditions of saving steel, convenient connection and simple manufacture, and attention should be paid to make the length and slenderness ratio of rods in two main axes direction (the ratio between calculated length of rods and radius of rotation of the cross-section) as similar as possible, and should meet the requirements of strength, stability and length and slenderness ratio. (2) Strength and stability check: in the calculation of the strength and stability of the bar, the internal force is considered according to the axial force, when the bar is subject to axial force and bending moment at the same time, it should be considered according to the eccentricity of the force and its common role. When calculating the stability and slenderness ratio of the bars, the in-plane and out-of-plane directions of the truss or the unfavorable direction of the larger slenderness ratio ...
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