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What are the challenges in structural design for irregularly shaped buildings?

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The structural design of non-standard geometric buildings represents the most critical and challenging aspect of their realization. The difficulties extend far beyond merely “how to make it stand,” permeating the entire process from concept development and calculations through construction and use. Below are the primary challenges in the structural design of non-standard geometric buildings, presented in order from core to derivative issues: 1. Core Mechanical Challenge: Non-Standard Load Paths In traditional buildings (such as rectangular boxes), load transfer paths are clear and direct: floor slab → beam → column → foundation → ground. Forces are primarily transmitted vertically downward. In contrast, load paths in irregularly shaped structures are often highly complex and convoluted. Challenge: Forces do not obediently travel straight downward. They “detour” through curved surfaces, diagonal bracing, and irregular grids, generating massive torsional forces, bending moments, and hor...
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What to pay attention to in the design of a steel truss?

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(1) Cross-section design of rods: The cross-section form of truss rods should be selected according to the conditions of saving steel, convenient connection and simple manufacture, and attention should be paid to make the length and slenderness ratio of rods in two main axes direction (the ratio between calculated length of rods and radius of rotation of the cross-section) as similar as possible, and should meet the requirements of strength, stability and length and slenderness ratio.

(2) Strength and stability check: in the calculation of the strength and stability of the bar, the internal force is considered according to the axial force, when the bar is subject to axial force and bending moment at the same time, it should be considered according to the eccentricity of the force and its common role. When calculating the stability and slenderness ratio of the bars, the in-plane and out-of-plane directions of the truss or the unfavorable direction of the larger slenderness ratio should be considered.

The allowable slenderness ratio of rods shall be calculated according to the cases of rods subjected to compression or tension, static load or dynamic load. 

(3) Arching: In order to offset all or part of deflection under self-weight and load and to maintain beautiful appearance of steel joist with slightly larger span, the joist is usually pre-arched during fabrication, and the value of arching is generally 1/500 of the span or the value specified in the design.

In the steel truss design and application selection, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the use requirements, use characteristics, span and load size as well as material supply situation, construction conditions and other factors, and conduct comprehensive technical and economic analysis.

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What is a coal bunker?

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What is the difference between a single-layer reticulated shell and a double-layerreticulated shell?

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Suspension structures

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